Individual need states and their influence on perceptions of leader behavior

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Robert E. Niebuhr
Arthur G. Bedeian
Achilles Armenatcis
Cite this article:  Niebuhr, R., Bedeian, A., & Armenatcis, A. (1980). Individual need states and their influence on perceptions of leader behavior. Social Behavior and Personality: An international journal, 8(1), 17-26.


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A field study in a hospital's nursing service organization was conducted to investigate the relationship of subordinate personality characteristics with perceptions of leader behavior. Measures of four individual need states (independence, achievement, affiliation, power) were obtained from the subjects as well as their perceptions of leader behavior. The study found a number of significant relationships between subordinate personality characteristics and both instrumental and supportive leader behavior perceptions, the primary finding being that individuals strongly motivated toward self-goals (achievement, power, independence) rather than other-directed goals (affiliation) apparently perceive their leader to be less active, particularly with regard to instrumental supervisory behavior. The implications of these results are discussed with respect to the focus of future research regarding the influence of individual personality characteristics in behavioral studies.
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