Reactions to invasions of marked seats at a race track

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Sidney J. Arenson
Cite this article:  Arenson, S. (1977). Reactions to invasions of marked seats at a race track. Social Behavior and Personality: An international journal, 5(2), 225-228.


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The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of defensive behavior by neighbors and returning occupants against the invasion of marked seats at a racetrack. On 39 occasions, four female undergraduates took empty seats that were marked with a newspaper, handkerchief, clothing, etc., in the unreserved sections of the grandstand. In the 32 cases in which there was a neighbor present, 20 of them defended the marked seat. There were no sex or age differences between defenders and non-defenders. Compared with one neighbor, presence of two did not increase defenses. The proportion of defenses in this study was greater than in previous studies in other settings, and this difference was discussed with respect to the respective costs in different settings for permitting successful invasions.
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© 1977 Scientific Journal Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.