The permeability of territorial space: Some evidence from military warfare

The presence of discomfort arising from territorial intrusion has been widely established, although the precise shape and strength of the intrusion-discomfort relation is unspecified. Investigating 58 military invasions of the territorial boundaries of nation-states, the present study attempted to document empirically the territorial space permeability function. The function relating intrusion to discomfort was found to be linear inform and medium in strength, conspicuously similar to the personal space permeability function described by Hayduk (1981).