Perceived artificial intelligence threat and artificial intelligence technology resistance: A moderated mediation model

Employees’ perception of artificial intelligence (AI) as a threat to their job stability and future career development may reduce their willingness to embrace AI technologies. Drawing on conservation of resources theory and regulatory focus theory, this study investigated the psychological mechanism through which perceived AI threat is associated with AI technology resistance behavior, emphasizing the mediating role of job-related anxiety and the moderating role of organizational training. We used a three-wave survey to obtain data from 271 respondents. Results showed that perceived AI threat was positively related to job-related anxiety, which, in turn, predicted stronger AI technology resistance behavior. Moreover, organizational training moderated the positive relationship between perceived AI threat and job-related anxiety. By incorporating emotional and motivational perspectives, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of AI resistance, offering actionable insights for organizations seeking to foster employee adaptation in AI-integrated environments.